John Duns Scotus
(1266–1308)
John Duns Scotus was an English/Scotch theologian whose view of the creation was diametrically opposed to that of his near contemporary predecessor
Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274).
Aquinas thought that God had created all thing in accordance with Reason, and thus had no
freedom in his creations, concluding logically that there is only one possible world. By contrast, Scotus insisted that God's freedom meant that to learn what exists, one has to study the actual world, gathering evidence about reality.
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